Agricultural finance in Kenya: bank lending, credit and state support

6.1

Size and trend of bank lending

Commercial banks' gross loans to agriculture grew from KSh 49.4 billion at the end of 2010 to KSh 197.9 billion at the end of 2025, about US$1.53 billion¹²³. Agriculture's share of gross loans declined from 5.4% in 2010 to 3.3% in 2019 and 2021 and recovered to 4.4% in 2024 and 4.6% in 2025¹⁴⁵². The sector held 127,031 loan accounts in December 2025². CBK described credit growth to agriculture as strong in September 2026, when bank lending to the private sector grew by 10.6%⁶.

In dollars the stock rose from US$612 million in 2010 to US$1.53 billion in 2025, with a dip in 2023 when the shilling weakened to 156.46 per dollar at the end of the year (own conversion)³. The KNBS Economic Survey publishes a wider series of bills, loans and advances of banks and non-bank institutions, which shows KSh 192.0 billion for agriculture in December 2025, 2.5% of a total that includes holdings of government securities⁷.

KSh 197.9 bn

bank loans to agriculture, December 2025 (≈US$1.53 bn)²

4.6%

of gross bank loans in December 2025, against 5.4% in 2010²

19.3%

non-performing loan ratio for agriculture in 2025, against 16.0% for all sectors²

32.4%

of adults borrowed from a mobile money provider (2024)⁸

Bank loans to agriculture

Gross loans of commercial banks to the agriculture sector, KSh billion, December 2010–2025

End of year	Gross loans to agriculture (KSh bn)
2010	49.4
2011	61.9
2012	65.1
2013	68.9
2014	80.2
2015	87.5
2016	93.7
2017	80
2018	90
2019	89.6
2020	108.1
2021	106.2
2022	126.5
2023	145.7
2024	180.6
2025	197.9

Source: CBK — CBK Bank Supervision Annual Reports, sectoral distribution of gross loans (end-December). The KNBS Economic Survey publishes a different series of bills, loans and advances of banks and non-bank financial institutions to agriculture (KSh 192.0 billion in December 2025), which is not combined with this one⁷.

Bank loans to agriculture in US dollars

Gross loans of commercial banks to agriculture converted at the IMF end-of-period rate, US$ million, December 2010–2025

End of year	Loans to agriculture (US$ m)
2010	611.8
2011	728.1
2012	756.8
2013	798.6
2014	886.1
2015	854.8
2016	914.4
2017	774.7
2018	883.3
2019	884
2020	989.8
2021	938.7
2022	1,025
2023	931.3
2024	1,396.9
2025	1,534

Source: CBK · IMF — Own conversion of the shilling stock at the IMF end-of-period KES/USD rate (the Central Bank of Kenya rate). The rates used are 80.75 (2010), 85.07 (2011), 86.00 (2012), 86.31 (2013), 90.50 (2014), 102.31 (2015), 102.49 (2016), 103.23 (2017), 101.85 (2018), 101.34 (2019), 109.17 (2020), 113.14 (2021), 123.37 (2022), 156.46 (2023), 129.29 (2024) and 129.01 (2025). The fall in 2023 reflects the depreciation of the shilling to 156.46 per dollar at the end of the year, while the shilling stock rose by 15.2%.

Agriculture's share of bank loans

% of gross loans of commercial banks, December 2010–2025

End of year	Share of gross loans (%)
2010	5.4
2011	5.2
2012	4.9
2013	4.4
2014	4.1
2015	4
2016	4.1
2017	3.7
2018	3.6
2019	3.3
2020	3.6
2021	3.3
2022	3.5
2023	3.5
2024	4.4
2025	4.6

Source: CBK · World Bank WDI — As published in each Bank Supervision Annual Report, except 2016, which is an own calculation (KSh 93,712 million of KSh 2,293,190 million, 4.09%) because the percentage column of the 2016 report repeats the 2015 values¹⁴. Agriculture produced 23.2% of GDP in 2025²¹⁷.

KES/USD exchange rate, year-end

IMF end-of-period rate, KSh per US dollar, 2010–2025

End of year	KSh per US$ (KSh per US$)
2010	80.75
2011	85.07
2012	86
2013	86.31
2014	90.5
2015	102.31
2016	102.49
2017	103.23
2018	101.85
2019	101.34
2020	109.17
2021	113.14
2022	123.37
2023	156.46
2024	129.29
2025	129.01

Source: IMF — The shilling depreciated from 123.37 per dollar at the end of 2022 to 156.46 at the end of 2023 and recovered to 129.29 at the end of 2024. It stood at 129.45 at the end of August 2026.

Bank credit to agriculture, December 2025

Indicator	Value
Gross loans to agriculture (KSh million)	197,895.5
Gross loans to agriculture (US$ million, own conversion at 129.01)	1,534.0
Share of gross loans of commercial banks (%)	4.6
Loan accounts in agriculture	127,031
Gross non-performing loans in agriculture (KSh million)	38,134.6
NPL ratio, agriculture (%, own calculation)	19.3
NPL ratio, all sectors (%)	16.0
Agriculture's share of gross NPLs (%)	5.5
Agriculture's share of GDP, 2025 (%)	23.2

Source: CBK · IMF · KNBS — CBK Bank Supervision Annual Report 2025, Table 18.

6.2

Loan quality

Gross non-performing loans in agriculture were KSh 38.1 billion in December 2025, 19.3% of the sector's loans, against an all-sector ratio of 16.0% (own calculation)². The agricultural ratio rose from 9.6% in 2015 to 33.9% in 2018 and stayed between 17.5% and 22.1% in 2019–2025¹³¹⁶⁵²⁰. Agriculture's share of all bad loans was 5.5% in 2025, close to its share of loans². For the whole banking sector the ratio fell to 13.9% in September 2026, with decreases in agriculture among other sectors⁶.

Non-performing loan ratios

Gross NPLs as % of gross loans, agriculture and all sectors, December 2010–2025

End of year	Agriculture (%)	All sectors (%)
2010	9.3	6.3
2011	6.8	4.4
2012	6.8	4.7
2013	8.1	5.2
2014	5.8	5.6
2015	9.6	6.8
2016	9.6	9.2
2017	11.2	12.3
2018	33.9	12.7
2019	18.8	12.5
2020	21.6	14.5
2021	18.1	14.1
2022	21.9	13.9
2023	22.1	15.6
2024	17.5	17.1
2025	19.3	16

Source: CBK — Agricultural ratios are own calculations from the sectoral tables of the Bank Supervision Annual Reports (gross NPLs divided by gross loans). All-sector ratios for 2015–2018 and 2023–2025 are the values published by CBK, including 9.2% for 2016 (revised to 9.3% in the 2017 report), 12.7% for 2018, 17.1% for 2024 and 16.0% for 2025, and own calculations for other years¹⁴¹⁵¹⁶⁵². CBK reported an industry ratio of 13.9% in September 2026⁶.

Agriculture's share of loans and of bad loans

% of gross loans and % of gross NPLs of commercial banks, December 2010–2025

End of year	Share of gross loans (%)	Share of gross NPLs (%)
2010	5.4	8
2011	5.2	8
2012	4.9	7.2
2013	4.4	6.8
2014	4.1	4.3
2015	4	5.7
2016	4.1	4.2
2017	3.7	3.4
2018	3.6	9.6
2019	3.3	5
2020	3.6	5.3
2021	3.3	4.2
2022	3.5	5.5
2023	3.5	4.9
2024	4.4	4.5
2025	4.6	5.5

Source: CBK — As published in the sectoral tables of the Bank Supervision Annual Reports. The 2016 loan share is an own calculation (4.09%) because the percentage column of the 2016 report repeats the 2015 values¹⁴.

Loans and non-performing loans in agriculture, 2015–2025

Year	Gross loans (KSh bn)	Gross NPLs (KSh bn)	NPL ratio agriculture (%)	NPL ratio all sectors (%)	Agriculture share of NPLs (%)
2015	87.5	8.4	9.6	6.8	5.7
2017	80.0	9.0	11.2	12.3	3.4
2018	90.0	30.5	33.9	12.7	9.6
2019	89.6	16.8	18.8	12.5	5.0
2020	108.1	23.3	21.6	14.5	5.3
2021	106.2	19.2	18.1	14.1	4.2
2022	126.5	27.7	21.9	13.9	5.5
2023	145.7	32.1	22.1	15.6	4.9
2024	180.6	31.6	17.5	17.1	4.5
2025	197.9	38.1	19.3	16.0	5.5

Source: CBK — Bank Supervision Annual Reports, sectoral tables. Agricultural NPL ratios are own calculations. All-sector ratios are the values published by CBK for 2015, 2017, 2018 and 2023–2025 and own calculations for other years. CBK classifies loans more than 90 days past due as substandard, doubtful or loss².

6.3

Interest rates and the policy framework

The Central Bank of Kenya raised its policy rate from 7.00% in 2022 to 13.00% in February 2024 and then cut it in ten steps to 8.75% on 10 February 2026, where it stayed at the October 2026 meeting²²⁶. Average lending rates fell from 17.2% in November 2024 to 14.4% in September 2026⁶. From September 2016 to November 2019 a statutory cap limited lending rates to four percentage points above the CBK benchmark rate⁴. Domestic credit to the private sector was 29.4% of GDP in 2025²³.

The Agricultural Finance Corporation, a government-owned lender mandated to lend for agricultural development, had a loan book of KSh 12.07 billion at 30 June 2025, about US$93.4 million (own conversion), up from KSh 10.56 billion a year earlier²⁴³. It disbursed KSh 4.75 billion and collected KSh 4.49 billion in FY2024/25, operated 47 branches in 35 counties and made a pre-tax profit of KSh 88.19 million²⁴. The Auditor-General qualified its FY2024/25 accounts, citing KSh 1,024.2 million of non-performing medium-term loans and KSh 325.7 million of loans classified as active that should have been classified as non-performing²⁴. The Government Owned Enterprises Act 2025 repealed the AFC Act from 5 December 2025 and lists AFC among the enterprises to be reconstituted as public limited companies²⁵. Lenders can take security over movable property under the Movable Property Security Rights Act of 2017, and against warehouse receipts²⁶²⁷.

Agricultural Finance Corporation, FY2023/24 and FY2024/25

Indicator	FY2023/24	FY2024/25
Loan book at 30 June (KSh billion)	10.56	12.07
Loan book at 30 June 2025 (US$ million, own conversion at 129.2343)	–	93.4
Loan disbursements (KSh billion)	3.54	4.75
Loan collections (KSh billion)	4.46	4.49
Total assets (KSh billion)	12.57	14.01
Pre-tax profit (KSh million)	36.75	88.19
Short-term loans at 30 June 2025 (KSh billion)	–	0.96
Medium-term loans at 30 June 2025 (KSh billion)	–	10.55
Directors' loans at 30 June 2025 (KSh billion)	–	0.06
Staff loans at 30 June 2025 (KSh billion)	–	0.5
Branches (counties)	–	47 (35)

Source: AFC · IMF — AFC Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 30 June 2025, tabled in Parliament (pp. 8 and 24). The Auditor-General issued a qualified opinion. As stated in the audit report, net medium-term loans of KSh 10,641.7 million include KSh 1,024.2 million of non-performing loans (890 loans) and KSh 325.7 million of loans classified as active that should have been classified as non-performing, and KSh 226.3 million of short-term loans were past maturity for more than a year²⁴. The Government Owned Enterprises Act 2025 repealed the AFC Act from 5 December 2025²⁵.

How a warehouse receipt loan works

Warehouse Receipt System, steps published by the Council

Deposit

Farmer or trader deposits grain or coffee in a certified warehouse²⁷

Receipt

Warehouse issues a receipt recorded in the central registry²⁸

Lender

70–80%of stored value (example)

lends up to a share of the value of the goods, one of 18 participating lenders, including AFC, KCB and Equity²⁷

Repayment

Loan repaid and goods released or sold²⁷

Source: WRSC

Central Bank Rate

Policy rate at the end of each year, %, 2010–2025

End of year	Central Bank Rate (%)
2010	6
2011	18
2012	11
2013	8.5
2014	8.5
2015	11.5
2016	10
2017	10
2018	9
2019	8.5
2020	7
2021	7
2022	8.75
2023	12.5
2024	11.25
2025	9

Source: CBK — Rate set at the last MPC decision of each year. CBK lowered the rate to 8.75% on 10 February 2026 and kept it there at the meetings of April, June, August and October 2026.

Average bank lending rate

Commercial bank lending rate, annual average, %, 2010–2024

Year	Lending rate (%)
2010	14.37
2011	15.05
2012	19.72
2013	17.31
2014	16.51
2015	16.09
2016	16.56
2017	13.67
2018	13.06
2019	12.44
2020	12
2021	12.08
2022	12.34
2023	13.59
2024	16.59

Source: World Bank WDI · CBK — Interest rate caps of four percentage points above the CBK benchmark rate applied from September 2016 to November 2019⁴. CBK reported an average lending rate of 14.4% in September 2026⁶.

Domestic credit to the private sector

% of GDP, 2010–2025

Year	Credit to private sector (%)
2010	24
2011	27.4
2012	26.4
2013	28.3
2014	34.5
2015	36.7
2016	35.6
2017	33.2
2018	31.2
2019	30.8
2020	32.2
2021	31.1
2022	31.3
2023	31.8
2024	29.7
2025	29.4

Source: World Bank WDI — World Bank, based on IMF monetary statistics.

Central Bank Rate decisions, 2022–2026

Date	Central Bank Rate (%)
30 May 2022	7.50
29 Sep 2022	8.25
23 Nov 2022	8.75
29 Mar 2023	9.50
26 Jun 2023	10.50
5 Dec 2023	12.50
6 Feb 2024	13.00
6 Aug 2024	12.75
8 Oct 2024	12.00
5 Dec 2024	11.25
5 Feb 2025	10.75
8 Apr 2025	10.00
10 Jun 2025	9.75
12 Aug 2025	9.50
7 Oct 2025	9.25
9 Dec 2025	9.00
10 Feb 2026	8.75
7 Oct 2026 (retained)	8.75

Source: CBK — Changes of the rate only, plus the latest meeting. The rate was 7.00% from April 2020 to May 2022.

Interest rates at the end of the year, 2021–2025

Rate (%)	Dec 2021	Dec 2022	Dec 2023	Dec 2024	Dec 2025
Central Bank Rate	7.00	8.75	12.50	11.25	9.00
91-day Treasury bill	7.26	9.33	15.70	10.32	7.78
Interbank rate	5.10	5.39	11.65	11.45	9.08
Commercial bank loans and advances (maximum)	12.16	12.67	14.63	16.89	14.82
Average deposits	6.50	7.17	10.10	10.45	7.13

Source: KNBS — Economic Survey 2026, Table 4.11 (source CBK).

6.4

Mobile money, inclusion and Saccos

Registered mobile money accounts rose from 16.4 million in December 2010 to 89.5 million in December 2025, and active agents to 473,536³⁰. The 2024 FinAccess survey found 84.8% of adults with formal financial access and 9.9% excluded, and Global Findex shows 90.1% of adults with an account in 2024³¹³². Formal borrowing is less common. In 2024, 12.6% of adults borrowed from a formal financial institution and 32.4% from a mobile money provider⁸. CBK has licensed digital credit providers since the 2021 amendment of the CBK Act³³³⁴.

In the 2024 FinAccess survey the primary source of day-to-day agricultural financing was reinvested income from farming (49.3%), and drought ranked as the leading challenge in agriculture (19.2%), followed by the high cost of inputs (17.3%) and pests and diseases (16.6%)³¹. Regulated Saccos held loans of KSh 948.3 billion in 2025⁷.

Registered mobile money accounts

Million accounts in December, 2010–2025

December	Registered accounts (million)
2010	16.4
2012	21.1
2014	25.2
2015	28.6
2016	35
2017	37.4
2018	47.7
2019	58.4
2020	66
2021	68
2022	73.1
2023	77.3
2024	82.4
2025	89.5

Source: CBK — CBK mobile payments statistics, rounded to one decimal (16.4463 million in December 2010). Accounts can exceed the adult population because people hold accounts with several providers. There were 95.3 million accounts and 563,605 active agents in August 2026.

Formal financial inclusion

Adults with access to formal financial services, %, FinAccess surveys 2006–2024

Survey year	Formal access (%)
2006	26.7
2009	40.4
2013	66.7
2016	75.3
2019	82.9
2021	83.7
2024	84.8

Source: CBK — 2024 FinAccess Household Survey, Figure 2.1. 9.9% of adults were excluded in 2024.

Formal and mobile borrowing

Adults who borrowed in the past year, % of population aged 15+, Global Findex

Survey year	From a formal financial institution (%)	From a formal institution or a mobile money account (%)
2014	16	16
2017	19.2	19.2
2021	22.2	39.7
2024	12.6	37.6

Source: Global Findex — In 2024, 32.4% of adults borrowed from a mobile money provider and 90.1% held an account³².

Regulated Sacco societies

Assets and loans, KSh billion, 2021–2025

Year	Assets (KSh bn)	Loans and advances (KSh bn)
2021	807.1	608.8
2022	890.3	680.4
2023	972	758.6
2024	1,076.2	845.1
2025	1,209.6	948.3

Source: KNBS · SASRA — Sacco societies regulated by SASRA, Economic Survey 2026, Table 4.14. Data on Sacco lending to agriculture are not published in this table.

Mobile money, December 2015–2025

Year	Active agents	Registered accounts (million)	Agent cash-in and cash-out in December (KSh bn)
2015	143,946	28.6	267.1
2018	205,745	47.7	367.8
2020	282,929	66.0	605.7
2022	317,983	73.1	708.1
2024	381,116	82.4	753.5
2025	473,536	89.5	722.5
August 2026	563,605	95.3	761.1

Source: CBK — CBK mobile payments statistics. Mobile money transactions totalled 2,718.0 million in 2025, worth KSh 8,236.5 billion⁷.

Financial inclusion and borrowing

Indicator	Value	Year
Adults with formal financial access (FinAccess, %)	84.8	2024
Adults financially excluded (FinAccess, %)	9.9	2024
Account ownership, adults (Findex, %)	90.1	2024
Borrowed from a formal financial institution (Findex, %)	12.6	2024
Borrowed from a mobile money provider (Findex, %)	32.4	2024
Agricultural day-to-day financing from reinvested farm income (FinAccess, %)	49.3	2024
Adults relying mainly on agriculture for their livelihood (FinAccess, %)	17.9	2024

Source: CBK · Global Findex — FinAccess and Findex use different samples and definitions.

Regulated Sacco societies, KSh million

Indicator	2021	2022	2023	2024	2025
Assets	807,109	890,300	971,955	1,076,151	1,209,550
Loans and advances	608,750	680,351	758,565	845,113	948,306
Deposits (BOSA and FOSA)	564,887	620,446	682,186	749,430	831,910

Source: KNBS — Economic Survey 2026, Table 4.14 (source SASRA). 2025 provisional.

6.5

Insurance and risk finance

Insurers wrote gross premiums of KSh 464.7 billion in 2025, about 2.6% of GDP, of which KSh 229.3 billion in general insurance (own calculation)⁷. The Insurance Act (Cap. 487) establishes the Insurance Regulatory Authority³⁶. Agricultural insurance premiums and claims are not shown separately in the official statistics that could be accessed in October 2026. The World Bank DRIVE project offers pastoralists a package of savings, insurance and digital accounts, and covered 1,520,550 pastoralists and dependents in Kenya by 10 October 2025³⁷. In 2018 Kenya also took a US$200 million contingent credit for disaster risks³⁸.

Insurance industry gross premiums

Gross premium income of insurers, KSh billion, 2021–2025

Year	Life insurance (KSh bn)	General insurance (KSh bn)
2021	123.7	150
2022	141	169.3
2023	170.1	194.8
2024	191.8	208.8
2025	235.4	229.3

Source: KNBS — Insurance Regulatory Authority data in Economic Survey 2026, Tables 4.16 and 4.17, direct business excluding reinsurance. Agricultural insurance premiums are not published separately in these tables. Total premiums equalled about 2.6% of GDP in 2025 (own calculation).

Agricultural risk finance instruments

Instrument	Provider	Status and figures
DRIVE, financial services package for pastoralists (savings, insurance, digital accounts)	World Bank regional project P176517	1,520,550 pastoralists and dependents covered in Kenya on 10 October 2025, against a target of 800,000, and 99% of payouts were made within 30 days (project-wide)
Catastrophe Deferred Drawdown Option	World Bank (P161562)	US$200 million, approved June 2018, closed September 2021
Emergency locust response	World Bank regional programme P173702	US$195.6 million for the region, approved May 2020
Agricultural insurance premiums and claims	Insurance Regulatory Authority	Not available from an accessible official source in October 2026

Source: World Bank — The Kenya Livestock Insurance Programme and the area-yield index insurance under the Kenya Agricultural Insurance Programme are not listed with figures because no official programme document could be opened.

Central Bank of Kenya (CBK)

Sets the Central Bank Rate, which has been 8.75% since February 2026 and remained there at the meeting of 7 October 2026, and supervises banks, microfinance banks and digital credit providers²²⁶³³. Its Bank Supervision Annual Reports publish lending and non-performing loans by sector, and it issued the 2021 climate risk guidance and the April 2025 Kenya Green Finance Taxonomy²⁴⁰⁴¹.

www.centralbank.go.ke

Agricultural Finance Corporation (AFC)

Government-owned, credit-only development finance institution that lends to farmers, cooperatives and agribusinesses⁴². It was established under the Agricultural Finance Corporation Act (Cap. 323), which the Government Owned Enterprises Act 2025 repealed from 5 December 2025, listing AFC among the enterprises to be reconstituted as public limited companies⁴³²⁵. AFC had 47 branches in 35 counties and a loan book of KSh 12.07 billion at 30 June 2025, about US$93.4 million, after disbursements of KSh 4.75 billion in FY2024/25²⁴³. The Auditor-General qualified the FY2024/25 accounts, noting among other matters KSh 325.7 million of loans classified as active that should have been classified as non-performing²⁴. AFC is listed as an active lender against warehouse receipts²⁷.

www.agrifinance.org

Sacco Societies Regulatory Authority (SASRA)

Licenses and supervises deposit-taking Saccos under the Sacco Societies Act 2008 (Cap. 490B)³⁵⁴⁴. Regulated Saccos held assets of KSh 1,209.6 billion and loans of KSh 948.3 billion in 2025⁷.

www.sasra.go.ke

Insurance Regulatory Authority (IRA)

Regulator of insurance business established by section 3 of the Insurance Act (Cap. 487)³⁶. Insurers wrote gross premiums of KSh 464.7 billion in 2025 (own calculation), and the published statistics do not show agricultural insurance separately⁷.

www.ira.go.ke

KCB Bank Kenya

Commercial bank accredited as a direct access entity of the Green Climate Fund⁴⁵. In March 2026 the GCF approved US$43.6 million through KCB for climate-smart finance to MSMEs and farmers (FP292)⁴⁶. KCB lends against warehouse receipts²⁷.

ke.kcbgroup.com

Equity Bank and Co-operative Bank of Kenya

Commercial banks listed as active lenders under the warehouse receipt system²⁷. Their lending to agriculture is not reported separately in the sources used for this profile.

equitygroupholdings.com/ke

Nairobi Securities Exchange (NSE)

Operates a green bond market segment, opened in 2020, on which Acorn Holdings listed a five-year green bond issued in October 2019⁴⁷.

www.nse.co.ke

Sources cited on this page

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Mobile payments statistics, monthly table (web page) — Central Bank of Kenya (CBK)verified
2024 FinAccess Household Survey, main report (PDF) — Central Bank of Kenya (CBK), KNBS and FSD Kenyaverified
Global Findex: Account ownership at a financial institution or with a mobile-money-service provider (% of population ages 15+), FX.OWN.TOTL.ZS, World Bank API (Findex 2025 database) — World Bankverified
Central Bank of Kenya Act, Cap. 491, consolidated text as at 4 November 2025 (PDF on centralbank.go.ke) — National Council for Law Reporting (Kenya Law), hosted by CBKverified
Central Bank of Kenya (Digital Credit Providers) Regulations, 2022, Legal Notice No. 46, Kenya Gazette Supplement No. 45, 18 March 2022 (PDF) — Government Printer, hosted by CBKverified
Who we are (web page) — Sacco Societies Regulatory Authority (SASRA)verified
Insurance Act, Cap. 487 (Act No. 1 of 1985) (Kenya Law web page) — National Council for Law Reporting (Kenya Law)verified
DRIVE (P176517) Implementation Status and Results Report, sequence 5, archived 9 February 2026 (text) — World Bankverified
Disaster Risk Management Development Policy Credit with a Catastrophe Deferred Drawdown Option (Cat DDO), P161562, project page — World Bankverified
Emergency Locust Response Program, P173702, project page — World Bankverified
Guidance on Climate-Related Risk Management, October 2021 (PDF) — Central Bank of Kenya (CBK)verified
Kenya Green Finance Taxonomy, April 2025 (PDF in ZIP, main document and eleven sector appendices) — Central Bank of Kenya (CBK)verified
Corporate profile (web page) — Agricultural Finance Corporation (AFC)verified
Agricultural Finance Corporation Act, Cap. 323 (Kenya Law web page) — National Council for Law Reporting (Kenya Law)verified
Sacco Societies Act, Cap. 490B (Act No. 14 of 2008) (Kenya Law web page) — National Council for Law Reporting (Kenya Law)verified
Kenya country page (web page) — Green Climate Fundverified
FP292 Scaling climate-smart solutions for hardest-to-reach MSMEs and farmers in Kenya (CST Facility), project page — Green Climate Fundverified
Green Bonds (web page) — Nairobi Securities Exchange PLCverified

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