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9/9Profile sectionsInstitutions & programmes
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Mongolia · Section 9 of 9

Institutions & programmes

This section covers the Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Light Industry and its agencies, the land, weather and emergency agencies, the Bank of Mongolia, the Financial Regulatory Commission, the state reinsurer, the Development Bank and Credit Guarantee Fund, the main banks, and the World Bank, ADB, IFAD, EBRD, JICA, EU, FAO and Green Climate Fund programmes active in Mongolian agriculture.

9.1

Public institutions

Хүнс, хөдөө аж ахуй, хөнгөн үйлдвэрийн яам
The line ministry for food, crop and livestock production and light industry, one of 16 ministries under the 2024 law on the structure of the Government. Its head office is in Darkhan, with a second office in Ulaanbaatar. It oversees the veterinary and plant protection agencies, the SME Agency, the livestock gene bank, a research centre and the state-owned Agricultural Corporation and Agricultural Commodity Exchange, and it implements the World Bank livestock projects.123
mofa.gov.mn
Мал эмнэлгийн ерөнхий газар
Government implementing agency for animal health under MOFALI. It applies the Law on Livestock and Animal Health, under which soum-level veterinary services are delivered by contracted private veterinary units, and it partnered FAO's animal health and food safety project.456
www.vet.gov.mn
Ургамал хамгааллын газар
A new MOFALI agency responsible for plant health and the 2024 Law on Plant Health and Plant Protection. FAO supports its start-up with a technical assistance project running from April 2025 to March 2027.178
e-mongolia.mn/org/nppo
Газар зохион байгуулалт, геодези, зураг зүйн ерөнхий газар
Keeps the national land balance and monitors rangeland condition. Its 2020–2025 photo-monitoring report shows 15.1% of surveyed rangeland strongly or very strongly degraded in 2025 (own calculation from its classes IV and V).91011
www.gazar.gov.mn
Цаг уур, орчны шинжилгээний газар
The weather and environmental monitoring agency. With MOFALI it prepared the 2024–2025 winter pasture carrying-capacity map, published in October 2024.1213
namem.gov.mn
Онцгой байдлын ерөнхий газар
Coordinates disaster preparedness and response, including the response to dzud winters.1413
nema.gov.mn
Жижиг, дунд үйлдвэрийн газар
A MOFALI agency that administers the SME Development Fund and the Cooperative Development Fund, which lend at concessional rates. In 2026 it invited projects for MNT 500 million of SME Development Fund loans in Baganuur district.1516
sme.gov.mn
Хөдөө аж ахуйн корпораци ТӨХХК
A state-owned company in Darkhan that supplies seed wheat, fodder seed, fertiliser, plant protection products and machinery to farmers, trades seed and food wheat and leases out warehouses and machinery. In 2026 it reduced the advance payment for seed wheat to 15%.17
agricorp.mn
National Livestock Gene Bank Centre
Малын удмын сангийн үндэсний төв
A MOFALI centre for the conservation of livestock genetic resources under the 2017 Law on Livestock Genetic Resources.118
Inter-aimag Otor Pasture Administration
Аймаг дундын отрын бэлчээр ашиглалтын захиргаа
Listed by MOFALI among its subordinate bodies, as the administration for inter-aimag otor (reserve) pasture use.1
9.2

Financial institutions and regulators

Монголбанк
The central bank and banking supervisor. It publishes bank loans by sector, including the separate herder loan category created in May 2020, and green loans under the Green Taxonomy. In 2024 it approved the one-time restructuring of herder loans after the dzud. It raised its policy rate to 12.5% on 12 August 2026.19202122
www.mongolbank.mn
Санхүүгийн зохицуулах хороо
Licenses and supervises insurers, reinsurers, non-bank financial institutions, savings and credit cooperatives and the agricultural commodity exchange and its brokers. At the end of 2025 there were 575 NBFIs in the FRC consolidated report, and 176 savings and credit cooperatives reported to it.23242526
www.frc.mn
National Reinsurance JSC (Mongolian Re)
Үндэсний давхар даатгал ХК
The only licensed reinsurer, licensed in January 2015 and wholly owned by the Ministry of Finance. It operates the index-based livestock insurance pool and pays herders when soum mortality exceeds the upper threshold. In 2024 it paid MNT 14.6 billion of livestock insurance claims after the dzud.23272829
Монгол Улсын Хөгжлийн банк
The state development bank. It lists agriculture among its priority sectors and reported MNT 7.6 trillion of total financing for 2,994 projects and programmes on its website in October 2026, without a separate amount for agriculture.3031
www.dbm.mn
Зээлийн батлан даалтын сан
A non-profit fund that guarantees loans of enterprises, cooperative member herders and citizens that lack collateral, in Ulaanbaatar, 21 aimags and 330 soums, according to its website in October 2026. Its food and agriculture guarantee covers loans of up to MNT 1.2 billion at 5–6% for up to 60 months. ADB supported it with a US$60 million loan.32333435
www.cgf.mn
A commercial bank with 538 branches, which held 29% of banking-sector assets and 32% of loans in mid-2025. In 2025 the EBRD approved a loan of up to US$20 million to it for agricultural lending, and ADB's IATI data record a proposed US$100 million loan to it (pipeline status, start date 8 December 2025) for rural and agricultural on-lending, not yet disbursed. It issued Mongolia's first green bond in 2023.363738
www.khanbank.com
ХасБанк
A commercial bank lending to small businesses and agriculture. It issued MNT 83.6 billion of subsidised loans under the Government cashmere, crop and tourism programmes in 2025. It is the accredited entity for the Mongolia Green Finance Corporation.3940
xacbank.mn
Төрийн банк ХК
A state-owned bank with more than 500 branch units according to its website in October 2026, which pays pensions and social benefits and offers a current account for herders.41
www.statebank.mn
Монголын Банкны Холбоо
The banking industry association. It adopted the Mongolian Sustainable Finance Principles in 2014.4243
mba.mn
Монголын Тогтвортой Санхүүжилтийн Холбоо
A non-governmental association founded by the Mongolian Bankers Association in December 2017. It promotes the sustainable finance principles, the green and SDG-aligned taxonomies and the national sustainable finance roadmap.444546
toc.mn
9.3

Market institutions

Хөдөө аж ахуйн бирж ХХК
Established in March 2013 by the Government and wholly owned by MOFALI. It organises trading of wool, cashmere, live animals, food wheat and rapeseed, and since 2019 also of meat, hides and skins. According to its website, the exchange organised trading worth MNT 7 trillion in 2013–2023, including MNT 968 billion in the latest year reported.4748
mce.mn
The sector association of wool and cashmere processors, founded in 1993, with 119 member companies and institutions (October 2026). It issues the 'Mongolian Noble Fibre' quality mark.49
www.mongoltextile.mn
Монголын бэлчээр ашиглагчдын нэгдсэн холбоо
A federation of 1,445 pasture user groups with 81,600 members, of which 80,000 herder households. 24,200 herder households in 818 of its groups have saved MNT 3.05 billion in common funds (according to its website in October 2026).50
greenmongolia.mn
Монголын хөдөө аж ахуйн хоршоологчдын үндэсний холбоо
The apex body of agricultural cooperatives, reorganised in 1992 from the union of agricultural collectives founded in 1967. It has a strategy for 2022–2030 and runs the Agri-Coop label.51
namac.mn
9.4

Data

Үндэсний статистикийн хороо
Publishes the national accounts, the annual livestock census, crop statistics, prices, food supply and trade on its open database.525354
www.1212.mn
9.5

International programmes and credit lines

Development partners finance livestock, rangeland and rural finance projects. The World Bank's Livestock Commercialization Project (US$30 million) closed in March 2026, and its earlier index-based livestock insurance projects prepared the 2014 insurance law355. ADB is financing the second phase of its agriculture and rural development project (loans of US$42.7 million and US$14.4 million), and vegetable production and irrigation (US$40 million)5657. ADB's IATI data record a proposed US$100 million loan to Khan Bank (pipeline status, start date 8 December 2025), not yet disbursed37. IFAD's market and pasture management project (US$22.1 million) works with pasture user groups58. The EBRD approved a loan of up to US$20 million to Khan Bank for agricultural on-lending in 2025, and JICA's two-step loan had financed 968 sub-loans by June 2023 worth US$197.7 million3659. The Green Climate Fund finances rangeland adaptation through UNDP and a regional development programme through ADB6040.

Programme / facilityFunderPartnerAmountDateFocus
Livestock Commercialization Project (P165945)World Bank (IDA)Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Light IndustryUS$30 m IDA (total cost US$38 m)Approved 13 Dec 2019, closed 31 Mar 2026Improved animal health, livestock productivity and the commercialisation of livestock products, with a crisis-response component. US$29.0 million had been disbursed at closing.3
Virtual Cooperatives of Pastoral Livestock Communities (P174733)World Bank (trust fund grant)Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Light IndustryUS$2.75 m grantApproved 16 Nov 2023, closing 31 Dec 2026Supports the livelihoods of remote pastoral communities through digital services. US$0.54 million had been disbursed.61
Index-Based Livestock Insurance Project (P088816) and additional financing (P115119)World Bank (IDA)Ministry of FinanceUS$7.75 m IDA and US$1.87 m grant, plus US$10 m IDA and US$0.7 m grant of additional financingApproved 26 May 2005 (additional financing 23 Feb 2010), closed 31 Mar 2016Tested the viability of index-based livestock insurance and built the legal and institutional framework that led to the 2014 Law on Index-based Livestock Insurance.5529
Livestock and Agricultural Marketing Project (P125964)World Bank (grant)Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Light IndustryUS$11 m grant4 Jun 2013 – 31 Dec 2017Supported productivity, market access and the diversification of livestock production systems.62
Agriculture and Rural Development Project, Phase 2 (55218-001)Asian Development BankGovernment of MongoliaLoans of US$42.7 m and US$14.4 m23 Dec 2024 – 30 Jun 2030 (IATI activity dates)Finances value addition by agro-processing enterprises. It follows the first Agriculture and Rural Development Project (2008–2021, US$14.72 million grant and US$35 million loan), which included a 50% deposit guarantee for agribusiness loans.5663
Vegetable Production and Irrigated Agriculture Project (51423-002)Asian Development BankGovernment of MongoliaLoans of US$25.3 m and US$14.7 m5 May 2020 – 31 Mar 2027 (IATI activity dates)Supports climate-resilient vegetable production, irrigation and marketing. US$18.6 million had been disbursed.57
Khan Bank Rural Inclusive Finance and Agriculture Value-Addition Project (59184-001)Asian Development Bank (private sector)Khan BankUS$100 m proposed loanIATI start date 8 Dec 2025On-lending to rural small businesses, farmers, herders and agro-processors. ADB's IATI data record a proposed US$100 million loan to Khan Bank (pipeline status, start date 8 December 2025), not yet disbursed.37
Supporting the Credit Guarantee System (48015-002)Asian Development BankCredit Guarantee Fund of MongoliaUS$60 m loan8 Jan 2016 – 29 Dec 2025Expanded access to finance for small and medium enterprises through guarantees of the Credit Guarantee Fund. US$59.6 million was disbursed.35
Strengthening the Integrated Early Warning System (53039-001)Asian Development BankGovernment of MongoliaLoans of US$18 m and US$12 m, grant of US$2 m22 Dec 2025 – 30 Jun 2031 (IATI activity dates)Builds a multi-hazard early warning system. ADB also provided a US$2.8 million grant for the response to the 2023/24 dzud.6465
Project for Market and Pasture Management Development (MPMD)IFADGovernment of MongoliaUS$22.07 m committed, US$20.62 m disbursed11 May 2011 – 30 Sep 2027 (IATI activity dates)Supports herder livelihoods, pasture user groups and climate adaptation in rangeland areas.58
FIF Agri Finance Loan to Khan Bank (56745)EBRDKhan BankUp to US$20 mApproved 21 Oct 2025A loan on-lent to agriculture only, including green agricultural investments.36
Improving Adaptive Capacity and Risk Management of Rural Communities in Mongolia (FP141)Green Climate Fund (UNDP as accredited entity)Government of MongoliaGCF grant US$23.1 m, total US$79.3 mApproved 13 Nov 2020, to 9 Feb 2028Climate-resilient rangeland management, ecosystem-based adaptation, value chains and livestock policy reform, reaching about 930,000 people. 88% of the GCF grant had been disbursed.6040
Aimags and Soums Green Regional Development Investment Program (FP154)Green Climate Fund and Asian Development BankGovernment of MongoliaGCF US$175 m (grant US$45 m, loan US$130 m), total US$735 mApproved 19 Mar 2021A regional programme that covers rangeland management and agribusiness value chains as well as urban services.40
Two-Step Loan Project for SME Development and Environmental ProtectionJICAMinistry of Finance and MOFALI, participating banksJPY 2.9 bn (2006) and JPY 5 bn (2011)Lending since 2007, revolving fund managed by MOFALI since 2019Long-term credit to small and medium enterprises through local banks. By June 2023 it had financed 968 sub-loans worth US$197.7 million, of which 17% went to crop and livestock farms.59
STREAM+ Sustainable Ecosystem and Agriculture Management for Rural DevelopmentEuropean Union (with an FAO component)FAO and Government of MongoliaEU US$14.9 m. FAO reports a component of US$5.36 m1 Aug 2024 – 31 Jul 2028Supports a green transition in ecosystem and agricultural management in rural areas.668
Strengthening Animal Health and Food Safety SystemsFAOGeneral Agency for Veterinary ServicesUS$5.96 m12 Jun 2020 – 31 Mar 2025Strengthened veterinary services and the development of zones free of transboundary animal diseases.6
Green Gold – Sustainably managed pastures and healthy animalsSwiss Agency for Development and CooperationFederation of Pasture User Groups and Government of MongoliaNo programme total published (largest IATI record US$1.88 m)2004–2021Built pasture user groups, rangeland use agreements and rangeland monitoring.6750
APU Dairy (55290)EBRD (with a Canadian concessional tranche)APU DairyUp to US$20 m (total project cost US$53 m)IATI start date Nov 2024, to May 2032A sustainability-linked loan in togrog to expand dairy processing and packaging capacity and build an energy-efficient plant, including a US$2 million concessional tranche funded by Canada.68
Regional Upgrades of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures for Trade (46315-001), MongoliaAsian Development BankGovernment of MongoliaUS$15 m loan8 Jan 2016 – 30 Jun 2021Upgraded sanitary and phytosanitary measures and laboratories to support agricultural and food trade. US$10.5 million was disbursed.69
Year-round greenhouses in UlaanbaatarRepublic of Korea (Office for Government Policy Coordination)Government of MongoliaUS$12.3 m1 Jan 2026 – 1 Nov 2030Aims to increase winter vegetable production in Ulaanbaatar for food security.70
Third Sustainable Livelihoods Project (P125232) and additional financing (P173126)World Bank (IDA)Ministry of FinanceUS$36.8 m IDA and US$5.7 m grant, plus US$12 m additional financingApproved 6 Jun 2014, closed 31 Dec 2023Improved governance and community participation in planning and delivering priority investments in rural areas.71
9.6

National programmes

Programme / facilityFunderPartnerAmountDateFocus
'Food Supply and Security' national movementState budget, guarantees and external loansMOFALIMNT 1.7 trillion of financing to be arranged for 2022–2026Parliament Resolution No. 36 of 17 Jun 2022Targets up to 200,000 ha of new cropland, 1.9 million tonnes of domestic feed and annual purchases of at least 100,000 tonnes of food wheat. It directs the Government to arrange the financing through interest subsidies, guarantees and external loans.72
'New Cooperative Movement' ('New Cooperative – Prosperous Herder')State budget (interest support) and banksMOFALI, Credit Guarantee FundMNT 5 trillion planGovernment Resolution No. 166 of 24 Apr 2024The state pays the interest above 6 percentage points on loans of up to five years to cooperative member herders issued until 2029. Official data on the amounts lent were not found.73
Atar-4 Sustainable Crop Development CampaignCommercial banks with state interest supportMOFALIWithin the annual budgetGovernment Resolution No. 47 of 29 Jan 2025, four years from Feb 2025Concessional loans to crop, livestock and food-processing producers, with interest support capped at the policy rate. The Government Action Programme 2024–2028 links it to 200,000 ha of additional cropland.7475
Index-based livestock insurance schemeHerders' premiums, with the state budgeting the reinsurance premiumPrivate insurers, National Reinsurance JSCMNT 3.18 bn of premiums written by insurers in 2025Law of 13 Jun 2014, amended 12 Dec 2025Pays herders when soum-level adult mortality exceeds 5%, with losses above 30% borne by the state reinsurer. Insurers wrote 2,555 contracts in 2025 and brokers sold 19,350 individual contracts.2928
Concessional loans for hide and skin processingGovernment securitiesBanks and processorsMNT 140.4 bnParliament Resolution No. 74 of 28 Dec 2012Funded loans at no more than 7% to hide and skin processors and paid cooperative member herders MNT 3,000 per small-stock skin and MNT 15,000 per cattle or horse hide.76

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  76. Parliament Resolution No. 74 of 28 December 2012 on measures to support herders and national producers (web text, mn) — Legal Information System of Mongoliaverified
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