Mahindi na mazao mengine ya chakula
Makadirio ya uzalishaji wa mahindi yalikuwa kati ya magunia milioni 34.2 na 47.6 ya kilo 90 katika kipindi cha 2016β2025, na kiwango cha chini zaidi, magunia milioni 34.2, kilikuwa katika mwaka wa ukame wa 202212. Makadirio ya mwaka 2025 yalikuwa magunia milioni 45.8, sawa na takriban tani milioni 4.1 (ukokotoaji wetu)2. Kwa mujibu wa takwimu za FAOSTAT, mahindi yalivunwa katika hekta milioni 2.41 mwaka 2024, na tija ilibaki kati ya tani 1.4 na 1.8 kwa hekta katika kipindi cha 2010β20243. Uzalishaji wa maharage ulikuwa magunia milioni 7.4 na uzalishaji wa viazi tani milioni 2.5 mwaka 20252.
Asilimia 89.8 ya ngano iliyotumika mwaka 2025 ilitokana na uagizaji (ukokotoaji wetu). Uzalishaji wa ndani ulikuwa tani elfu 254.9 na uagizaji tani elfu 2,235.52. Mpunga uliozalishwa katika skimu za umwagiliaji za umma uliongezeka kutoka tani 194,447 mwaka 2020/21 hadi tani 303,724 mwaka 2024/252.
Chai, kahawa, kilimo cha bustani na sukari
Uzalishaji wa chai iliyosindikwa ulifikia tani elfu 598.5 mwaka 2024 na ulipungua kwa asilimia 8.0 hadi tani elfu 550.4 mwaka 2025, ambapo wakulima wadogo walizalisha tani elfu 271.8 na mashamba makubwa ya kibiashara tani elfu 278.62. Chai iliyouzwa ilikuwa na thamani ya shilingi bilioni 153.0 mwaka 20252. Uzalishaji wa kahawa ulikuwa tani elfu 51.4 mwaka 2024/25, ambapo vyama vya ushirika vilizalisha tani elfu 36.8 (asilimia 71.6, ukokotoaji wetu), na wastani wa bei ya mnadani uliongezeka kutoka shilingi 65,881 hadi shilingi 93,615 kwa kilo 100 kati ya mwaka 2024 na 20252. Sheria ya Kahawa (Coffee Act 2026), inayotumika tangu tarehe 27 Machi 2026, inakabidhi udhibiti wa kahawa kwa Coffee Board of Kenya (Bodi ya Kahawa ya Kenya), na Sheria ya Chai (Tea Act) inakabidhi udhibiti wa chai kwa Tea Board of Kenya (Bodi ya Chai ya Kenya)45.
Mauzo nje ya mazao mabichi ya bustani yalifikia tani elfu 457.9 zenye thamani ya shilingi bilioni 143.8 mwaka 20252. Kiasi cha matunda yaliyouzwa nje kiliongezeka kutoka tani elfu 48.7 mwaka 2016 hadi tani elfu 250.3 mwaka 2025, huku mapato ya maua yakiwa shilingi bilioni 81.3 mwaka 2025, chini ya shilingi bilioni 110.8 za mwaka 202112. Uzalishaji wa sukari ulipungua hadi tani elfu 613.2 mwaka 2025 na uagizaji wake uliongezeka hadi tani elfu 477.72.
| Zao | Kipimo | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mahindi | magunia milioni ya kilo 90 | 36.7 | 34.2 | 47.6 | 44.8 | 45.8 |
| Maharage | magunia milioni ya kilo 90 | 7.4 | 8.3 | 9.6 | 8.4 | 7.4 |
| Mtama | magunia milioni ya kilo 90 | 1.5 | 1.3 | 2.2 | 2.7 | 2.6 |
| Viazi | tani milioni | 2.1 | 1.8 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 2.5 |
| Ngano | tani elfu | 349.1 | 368.7 | 309.5 | 311.8 | 254.9 |
| Chai iliyosindikwa | tani elfu | 537.8 | 535.0 | 570.3 | 598.5 | 550.4 |
| Kahawa (msimu unaoishia katika mwaka husika) | tani elfu | 34.5 | 51.9 | 48.7 | 49.5 | 51.4 |
| Miwa | tani elfu | 7,659.1 | 8,799.8 | 5,550.7 | 9,365.3 | 7,051.9 |
| Parachichi | tani elfu | β | β | β | 639.2 | 528.3 |
| Bidhaa | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maua, kiasi (tani elfu) | 210.1 | 202.9 | 116.3 | 102.5 | 130.6 |
| Maua, thamani (KSh bilioni) | 110.8 | 104.3 | 73.5 | 72.1 | 81.3 |
| Matunda, kiasi (tani elfu) | 117.3 | 113.3 | 188.1 | 225.4 | 250.3 |
| Matunda, thamani (KSh bilioni) | 18.4 | 19.7 | 32.4 | 41.0 | 41.2 |
| Mbogamboga, kiasi (tani elfu) | 78.1 | 75.4 | 164.1 | 74.3 | 77.0 |
| Mbogamboga, thamani (KSh bilioni) | 28.5 | 23.2 | 50.9 | 23.4 | 21.3 |
| Jumla, kiasi (tani elfu) | 405.5 | 391.5 | 468.4 | 402.2 | 457.9 |
| Jumla, thamani (KSh bilioni) | 157.7 | 147.1 | 156.7 | 136.6 | 143.8 |
Mifugo, maziwa na samaki
Kaya zilifuga ng'ombe milioni 15.8, mbuzi milioni 28.0, kondoo milioni 19.3 na ngamia milioni 4.6 kwa mujibu wa sensa ya 2019 (ukokotoaji wetu kwa kujumlisha makundi ya sensa)6. FAOSTAT inaripoti ng'ombe milioni 22.4 na mbuzi milioni 38.4 mwaka 20243. Uzalishaji wa maziwa ulikuwa lita milioni 5,521.1 mwaka 2025, ambapo lita milioni 1,013.7 ziliuzwa kupitia masoko rasmi na lita milioni 704.4 zilisindikwa2. Uzalishaji wa samaki ulikuwa tani elfu 135.4 kutokana na uvuvi na tani elfu 34.7 kutokana na ufugaji wa samaki mwaka 20247.
| Aina ya mnyama | Sensa ya 2019, wanaofugwa na kaya | FAOSTAT 2024 |
|---|---|---|
| Ng'ombe | 15,774,818 | 22,435,638 |
| kati yao, ng'ombe wa maziwa wa kigeni | 2,209,980 | β |
| Mbuzi | 28,011,800 | 38,426,161 |
| Kondoo | 19,307,445 | 26,214,927 |
| Ngamia | 4,640,085 | 4,779,483 |
| Nguruwe | 442,761 | β |
| Kuku (wa asili na wa kigeni) | 38,816,238 | 71,223,000 |
| Bidhaa | Uzalishaji | Nafasi duniani | Sehemu ya dunia (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Maziwa ya ngamia | 1,098,082 t | 1 kati ya 29 | 26.2 |
| Majani ya chai | 2,687,200 t | 3 kati ya 46 | 8.2 |
| Mkonge | 20,940 t | 3 kati ya 24 | β |
| Ngamia | wanyama milioni 4.78 | 4 kati ya 46 | β |
| Parachichi | 585,000 t | 6 kati ya 73 | 5.2 |
| Mbuzi | wanyama milioni 38.4 | 7 kati ya 181 | β |
| Maharage makavu | 903,851 t | 8 kati ya 106 | 3.0 |
| Ng'ombe | wanyama milioni 22.4 | 15 kati ya 190 | 1.4 |
| Mahindi | 4,023,000 t | 30 kati ya 162 | 0.3 |
Biashara
Ramani inaonyesha masoko yanayopokea bidhaa za kilimo na chakula za Kenya na nchi zinazoiuzia bidhaa hizo. Mwaka 2025 Kenya iliripoti mauzo nje ya bidhaa za kilimo na chakula yenye thamani ya dola za Marekani milioni 4,782.8 na uagizaji wa dola za Marekani milioni 3,588.49. Pakistani ilikuwa mnunuzi mkubwa zaidi kwa dola za Marekani milioni 575.6, karibu zote zikiwa bidhaa za sura ya HS 09 (kahawa, chai na viungo), ikifuatiwa na Uholanzi (dola milioni 504.3, asilimia 70 zikiwa mimea hai na maua), Uingereza (dola milioni 394.5) na Uganda (dola milioni 357.1)9. Nchi wanachama wa Umoja wa Ulaya (EU-27) zilipokea asilimia 25.5 ya mauzo nje na nchi wanachama wa Jumuiya ya Afrika Mashariki asilimia 15.8 (ukokotoaji wetu)9.
Kwa upande wa uagizaji, Malaysia iliuza Kenya bidhaa za dola milioni 956.0, karibu zote zikiwa mafuta na shahamu (sura ya HS 15), na India, Urusi, Ajentina na Australia ndizo zilizotoa sehemu kubwa ya nafaka zilizoagizwa9. Uagizaji wa nafaka ulikuwa dola za Marekani bilioni 1.20 mwaka 2025 na wa mafuta na shahamu dola za Marekani bilioni 1.129. Mauzo nje ya bidhaa za kilimo na chakula yaliongezeka kutoka dola za Marekani bilioni 3.15 mwaka 2015 hadi dola za Marekani bilioni 4.78 mwaka 2025, na uagizaji kutoka dola za Marekani bilioni 1.85 hadi dola za Marekani bilioni 3.5910. Kenya iliridhia mkataba wa Eneo Huru la Biashara Barani Afrika (AfCFTA) mwaka 2018, na Mkataba wake wa Ubia wa Kiuchumi (EPA) na Umoja wa Ulaya umekuwa ukitumika tangu tarehe 1 Julai 20241112.
| Nafasi | Mshirika wa mauzo nje | US$ milioni | Sehemu (%) | Mshirika wa uagizaji | US$ milioni | Sehemu (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Pakistani | 575.6 | 12.0 | Malaysia | 956.0 | 26.6 |
| 2 | Uholanzi | 504.3 | 10.5 | India | 347.0 | 9.7 |
| 3 | Uingereza | 394.5 | 8.2 | Urusi | 232.8 | 6.5 |
| 4 | Uganda | 357.1 | 7.5 | Uganda | 200.6 | 5.6 |
| 5 | Umoja wa Falme za Kiarabu | 288.4 | 6.0 | Ajentina | 199.4 | 5.6 |
| 6 | Misri | 192.9 | 4.0 | Tanzania | 167.7 | 4.7 |
| 7 | Ujerumani | 156.0 | 3.3 | Australia | 167.0 | 4.7 |
| 8 | Marekani | 140.8 | 2.9 | Pakistani | 165.5 | 4.6 |
| 9 | Ufaransa | 123.1 | 2.6 | Afrika Kusini | 111.8 | 3.1 |
| 10 | Saudi Arabia | 116.9 | 2.4 | Misri | 104.3 | 2.9 |
| Jumla, HS 01β24 | 4,782.8 | 100.0 | Jumla, HS 01β24 | 3,588.4 | 100.0 |
Bei
Wastani wa bei aliyolipwa mkulima kwa mahindi uliongezeka kutoka shilingi 3,003 kwa kilo 100 mwaka 2021 hadi shilingi 7,005 mwaka 20252. Bei za rejareja za mahindi zilifikia kiwango cha juu zaidi cha shilingi 79.4 kwa kilo mwezi Machi 2023, baada ya ukame, na zilikuwa shilingi 61.8 mwezi Septemba 20252. Mfumuko wa bei za vyakula na vinywaji visivyo na kileo ulikuwa asilimia 7.2 mwaka 2025 na asilimia 9.5 mwezi Septemba 2026, wakati mfumuko wa bei wa jumla ulikuwa asilimia 6.81314.
| Bidhaa | Kipimo | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mahindi | KSh kwa kilo 100 | 3,002.7 | 5,301.0 | 6,116.7 | 6,281.2 | 7,005.1 |
| Ngano | KSh kwa kilo 100 | 4,297.9 | 5,971.3 | 5,043.7 | 4,509.7 | 5,090.3 |
| Chai (mnada) | KSh kwa kilo 100 | 23,444.4 | 29,384.6 | 31,212.1 | 29,736.4 | 27,806.0 |
| Kahawa (mnada) | KSh kwa kilo 100 | 65,864.9 | 48,871.4 | 61,416.2 | 65,881.0 | 93,614.6 |
| Miwa | KSh kwa tani | 3,910.0 | 4,514.0 | 5,242.0 | 5,291.0 | 5,437.0 |
| Maziwa | KSh kwa lita 100 | 4,200.0 | 4,720.4 | 5,083.0 | 4,910.1 | 4,958.0 |
| Nyama ya ng'ombe, daraja la tatu | KSh kwa kilo 100 | 44,839.6 | 46,522.1 | 56,400.0 | 61,631.6 | 67,097.0 |
Vyanzo vilivyorejelewa katika ukurasa huu
- Economic Survey 2021 (PDF) β Kenya National Bureau of Statistics (KNBS)kimethibitishwa
- Economic Survey 2026, Chapter 7 Agriculture Sector (Tables 7.1-7.23, PDF pages 202-224) β Kenya National Bureau of Statistics (KNBS)kimethibitishwa
- FAOSTAT Production: Crops and livestock products, bulk download for Africa (CSV, release of 23 December 2025) β Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nationskimethibitishwa
- Coffee Act, No. 8 of 2026 (Kenya Law web page) β National Council for Law Reporting (Kenya Law)kimethibitishwa
- Tea Act, Cap. 343 (Act No. 23 of 2020) (Kenya Law web page) β National Council for Law Reporting (Kenya Law)kimethibitishwa
- 2019 Kenya Population and Housing Census, Volume IV: Distribution of Population by Socio-Economic Characteristics (PDF) β Kenya National Bureau of Statistics (KNBS)kimethibitishwa
- Global fisheries and aquaculture production, FishStat bulk dataset GlobalProduction_2026.1.0 (CSV, March 2026) β Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nationskimethibitishwa
- FAOSTAT Production: Crops and livestock products, bulk download all countries (CSV, release of 23 December 2025) β Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nationskimethibitishwa
- UN Comtrade β Kenya, agri-food trade (HS chapters 01β24) by partner, 2025 (public preview API, JSON) β United Nations Statistics Divisionkimethibitishwa
- UN Comtrade β Kenya, agri-food trade by HS chapter (01β24), world partner, 2015β2025 (public preview API, JSON) β United Nations Statistics Divisionkimethibitishwa
- Status list of countries which have signed, ratified or acceded to the Agreement establishing the AfCFTA, as at 22/05/2026 (PDF) β African Union Commissionkimethibitishwa
- EU trade relations with the East African Community (web page) β European Commission, Directorate-General for Tradekimethibitishwa
- Economic Survey 2026 (PDF) β Kenya National Bureau of Statistics (KNBS)kimethibitishwa
- The Kenya Consumer Price Index and Inflation Report, September 2026 (PDF) β Kenya National Bureau of Statistics (KNBS)kimethibitishwa
- World Development Indicators β Inflation, consumer prices (annual %), FP.CPI.TOTL.ZG (API, JSON) β World Bankkimethibitishwa
Kwa maelezo zaidi na maoni, tafadhali wasiliana na serkan.veziroglu@prosperaimpact.com.